Buy your basket work in Maun, Botswana! Which is your favorite?

Amazing basketwork in Maun, Botswana       IMG_0067      IMG_0065

On my recent visit to check out old haunts in Maun and my old school, Maun Secondary,  I was once again struck by the fabulous basketry skills of the artisans along the Okavango Delta. Their works are on display and for sale in a number of curio shops in Maun, but the very best are in the museum, many for sale. Don’t expect to pick these beauties up for a a few quid, they are expensive but when compared to what you see in Vic Falls, Livingston, Zambia Jo’burg, etc., they are way ahead of the game. You won’t regret having spent the money and you know you’re supporting a local economy and a form of art that will disappear as plastic bowl and other junk take over from the western world.   My favorite is number three, the fish basket.

What happens when you rewrite an old book? – “Kalahari” morphs into “Ukuthula!”

 James Michener was once asked why he didn’t rewrite and expand his first book, “Caravans,” after he had established himself as one of the world’s renowned authors.  He essentially answered the question by pointing out that the process of writing is creative. The creation is, what it is, and if you go back in and try to completely rewrite it you come out with a new creation, a new thing and new book.

I realized years ago that my first book,” Kalahari” Had a number of plot and character flaws which one of my original reviewers said were “unworkable and un fixable.” End of story! The book came out in 1995 after I had attempted to fix some of those flaws, but it was never the book I had hoped it would be,  Begun  in 1978 as the novel, “Maru a Pula”, a story of the liberation of Zimbabwe /Rhodesia based on my knowledge an experience in Southern Africa in the 1970’s, I was unable to publish it and in the 1980’s and early 90’s it morphed, with the liberation movement in South African into “Kalahari,”  a story set during the early 90’s.  The book had moderate success until the publisher went belly up and the rights were returned to me by the bankruptcy court a number of years later.

So let’s analyze a few things.  Here’s what Maun Botswana looks like in late 1973 after no rain for three years..

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Here is Maun again  in early 1974 after the rains brought water. BIg difference, Eh? You bet!

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Yes, Kind of like pictures #1 and 2, no water in the Thamalakane River, Water holes in the desert that the cattle and animals had scraped out over ten feet deep. Picture # 3 and 4, the river was 100 yards wide and full of bream, crocodiles, hippo …  Absolutely amazing!  So this is the picture in my mind when I completed Kalahari and it was published in 1995.

Now, let’s look below at Maun Botswana in 2014. 40 years later!  Wow!  Shopping malls, automobiles, paved streets, tin roofs, cell phones. …on and on.  The big Thamalakane River is still there and it’s still fairly wild, but people don’t drink out of it directly, or bath in it every day or wash their clothes in it because water is now available through out the town. This is the kind of change that has taken place in the country. So you can imagine how the rewriting of “Kalahari” resulted in a completely different book because my perspective now looking at liberation as a fact that has happened since the mid 90’s, rather than as a dream, for which we were struggling,  in the 70’s – early 90’s.

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What’s different about the new book, “Ukuthula?” 1. The Plot is unified, coherent and linear (except for back flashes).2. The conversations have changed completely, 3. The descriptions of scenes have changed , 4. New characters with new names have appeared and the female roles have grown markedly, 5. Chapters which were meaningless have been deleted and new expanding chapters added, 6. the number of pages in the book has expanded from 222 to over 400 pages.

What’s the same? 1. The theme of the struggle for African liberation is still there. 2. The idea of odd bedfellows in wars of liberation remains. 3. The conflict between good and evil remains. 4. The idea that eventually good shall triumph over evil remains. 5. And a bunch of the good old fashioned action scenes have stayed in the book and been expanded and built upon.

I could go on, for hours, but let’s just say, when you pick up “Ukuthula” and read it you will not recognize more than a few minor items within the book that are left over from “Kalahari.” Is that good? Of course! You didn’t want to read another copy of some old book. You wanted Africa like it was and still is, the smells, the adventure, the action, violence and love in a better and different format.  And that’s what you will be getting in only a few months from now when the book goes on sale in both paper and electronic formats.  A new book morphed out of old ideas, bigger and better.

Now I know why James Michener didn’t go back and re-write “Caravans.” It would never have been the same.

Richard Clow’s Interest in the 56th Mass.? – The Crater – July 1864

Thinking back to some of the reasons why Richard Clow may have enlisted in the 56th Mass. Infantry in 1865, one of the items he notes in his February letter to his sister is that the 56th was “cut up badly” and needed replacements. For us, perhaps not a really good reason to join the Infantry rather than the Engineers, but perhaps some of this interest came from back in July 1864 when the battle of the Crater took place.  Richard Slotkin’s well written thorough history of this battle should be read by all who are interested in visiting the Petersburg National Battlefield.  The site itself is well described and frankly very interesting to walk through and to contemplate what each side must have been doing to either make itself vulnerable to attack in this situation, or to deceive the others so that they would not notice what was going on so near to their lines.

Let’s look at what happened on the ground.  A number of units and officers knew about the work on the mine by the Pennsylvania troops including Col. Weld of the 56th Mass. Here are his words from a battlefield visual.

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And of course Major General Burnside who had allowed the project to proceed knew about it. The initial doubt about the whole scheme changed to one of optimism as the realization came of what a complete breach of the Confederate lines would do to the possible end of the war.

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The ventilation shaft which allowed clean oxygenated air to enter the lengthy tunnel and keep the miners with fresh air was a masterpiece of ingenuity.  Working in the same manner as the draft for a home stove, The fire burning outside the tunnel actually pulled it’s air from deep within the diggings, thus setting up a constant flow of air into the mouth of the tunnel and keeping the miners alive.

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The views from the actual front lines of the Union and Confederate troops makes one realize how hard it was to keep this project a secret for the weeks of digging and hauling bits of dirt out and disposing of that without becoming obvious.;  From the Union side the mouth of the tunnel was obvious (picture on left).  Looking up the hill towards the Confederate lines,(picture on the right)  it would appear that one might easily see what was going on as the slope doesn’t look to be very steep or cut with gullies.

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But,  from the Confederate lines, the hump in the hill (picture below) shows how that bump made the tunnel mouth more obscure and any man peeking over the top would obviously have his head exposed to the rifle and musket fire of the Union Picket line just below.  Thus the deception was possible.

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In the final analysis, the battle was not lost because of a fault in the plan for digging the tunnel and placing the gunpowder, nor was it the fault of a delayed explosion.  In fact, the defeat came because of two flaws in the command of the Union troops.

Note the assault picture below:  The explosion blew a massive hole and stunned the Confederate troops so badly that had the Union troops gone around the Crater rather than through it, their success would have been ensured. Additionally, if there had been no infighting between all of the commanders to prevail on Maj. Gen. Burnside that he should not allow the trained and drilled Black troopers to lead the assault, then those men who had practiced and thought about the assault would again have likely won the day. As it was, the lust for glory by the commanders put untrained unprepared troops in the first assault wave. They became bogged down in the mud and uneven ground of the crater and ended up being slaughtered.

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In our final picture of the Crater we see not only the hole, but most likely a Union Soldier’s skull still in the hole being viewed by tourists after the war in 1867. A tribute to excellent planning and innovative ideas, but a monument to failure due to human inability to cooperate and give glory to others when it was both deserved and planned for. Visit the area, enjoy!

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City Point, Virginia, Busiest Seaport in the World 1864 – 1865

Here are pictures I took of displays at City Point while researching the Civil War experiences of Richard Clow at Petersburg in 1865. Note the variety and sizes of ships in the harbor. Sailing vessels and steamboats, large and small plied the harbor delivering the massive amounts of food, ammunition and supplies required to keep General Grant’s Union Army in good shape while it held the town and General Lee’s army under siege.

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Looking off the slope of the hill from Grant’s Cabin the two pictures below are the types of ships he would have seen on a dialy basis bringing in supplies.

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Below, we see the harbor as it appears today from the vantage point of a window in Appomattox House. Grant’s very small cabin is nearby, dwarfed by the old manor house.

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Inside Grant’s cabin one can see Grant’s fireplace, writing desk and chair with uniform and sword hanging.

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The amount of history to see at this site takes your breath away. Give City point at least a whole day so you can walk around and see the old tavern houses, church and other buildings.

February 23, 1865 – Richard Clow’s Letter Speaks from the Past!

The letter written by Richard Clow to his sister, Agnes, on Feb. 23, 1865 illustrates the Fort Hayes situation as seen through the eyes of an enlisted man. Here’s a section of his letter:

Fort Hayes:   It is an earthenwork with three guns, six pound rifle guns. We can see the city of Petersburg quite plane. It is just through a small belt of wood. It sounds so funny here to me, the pickets at night – on both sides fire every ten minutes. The whole line of pits, six men in a pit and the pits a few rods apart. So it sets up a continual rattle. A stranger would think it an awful battle. Well they do kill a few once in a while as they point right at them.It looks so funny to see the ditches full of dead Johneys as they call them.

DSCN6733  Here is a typical emplacement of a field cannon on the Union fortifications at Petersburg as they would have been at Fort Hayes and many of the smaller forts along the western front. In the background are the cemin de frises and beyond that in and through the woods would have been the picket posts,  opposite the Confederate lines and the first early warning of any attack.

DSCN6739 This is how that cannon would have looked to attacking Confederate soldiers from under 100 yards away. Pretty daunting if that gun is loaded with exploding canister and the trenches ahead ar full of men with their muskets and bayonets ready and waiting.

Soldier’s Hut at Petersburg Battlefield – 8ft by 8ft- Comfy by 1865 standards!

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Richard Clow mentions these winter huts in his letters to his sister. Cozy and with four men in one hut the small stove or fireplace would have kept them pretty warm. This is certainly much better than the quarters that Richard stayed in when he was waiting for transport from Boston, and a whole lot better than the ship’s hold aboard the Demolay in which 350 men were placed in the forward hold and only one hatch allowed for the men to get out into the weather on deck. In this situation, the men were four deep front to back in the black hold and many were stabbed by other soldiers as they tried to get out of the bunks over the other men to be ill or relieve themselves,  You can imagine the stench after 4 days! No wonder Richard was so ecstatic to finally get to the battlefront!

Tour Fort Hayes near Petersburg. VA – Well Worth the Visit – Needs some TLC !

I shot these pictures while doing my research for the book:  “Rough Enough”  describing Richard Clow’s time in Civil War along with his letters and diary from this period and the frontier.

DSCN6787:DSCN6788 DSCN6789DSCN6790These are about the best shots I could get of the site where old Fort Hays used to be outside of Petersburg. Other areas surrounding it have been renovated but in most cases all you can see are  blackberries, brush and a few of the mounds left from the original bunkers and trenches. Not particularly inspiring right now!

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The small panel near the road shows the bunkers and magazine but not a lot of information. There is one 1885 battle shown in the area on the plaques showing a part of the attempted breakout by Lee and the thrust going past Fort Hayes on March 25, 1865.  This is very likely the battle Richard describe to his sister in the letter of April 1, 1865 where he was caught behind the lines as the others retreated.

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Leaving the fortifications and  bushwhacking through the overgrown temperate forest jungle, while watching out for nettles, you can finally get through to see the cotton fields and beyond the hills of Petersburg.  In the distance beyond the trees are towers showing the position where  Mahone’s troops would have been before they made their push to the East and Fort Hayes.

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It was a great  piece of history to go back to  and see when researching Richard Clow’s perspective of the war.  Much of the rest of the Petersburg battlefield area has been well maintained both to the N. East and S. West of here. Perhaps this is part of private land still and the owner doesn’t plow it under, but doesn’t maintain it either.  It would be interesting to know some more about this particular piece of the battlefield. My week long visit to the whole battlefield area only scratched the surface of this great national monument. Well worth the visit!

Richard Clow’s February 1865 Letter Clips

Richard Headley Clow about 18 yrs Civil War Uniform 001As with all soldiers, what is written has to be read with the knowledge that they can only tell you so much with words,  Here are a few of Richard Clow’s first field comments after enlisting  in the 56th Mass. Infantry.  Enjoy, but read between the lines. It’s not all fun and games despite the light heartedness of the letters.

Feb. 5, 1865: Dear Sister,  I am a soldier once more. I told Reina to write and tell you that I was in the engineer corps but it was before I enlisted and I changed my mind. I am in the 56th Regt. or to be sent to it. They tell me it was badly cut up and is now in front of Petersburg so Iexpect to have some fun at last….

Feb. 11, 1865: Dear Sister, We have a hard set of boys here, there is not a day but there is several fights in the barrack. Bounties are taken away from poor foolish countrymen by a lot of New York ruffs but nobody knows who does it….

Feb. 15, 1865: Dear Sister, I am feeling all right and want to get to where it rains bullets. It is the worst place here I ever got to. It rains all the time. The other night it was 20 below and a man froze to death at his post….

Feb. 23, 1865:  Dear Sister, I got to the regiment at last and am as happy as I can be, but probably won’t say that for we expect a fight every hour. Last night we had orders to sleep with our harness on, guns by our side and with rounds of ammunition. Today the rebels are coming into out lines in large squads. They always do before a fight…

Want to read more of these letters?  “Rough Enough is available in both hardback and electronic versions on Amazon. It can also be checked out to read. Special deals are available for Amazon Prime members! Enjoy!

The “Duh” Level of Congressional Understanding of English goes to the Supreme Court

Are we back to the “Duh?” level of Congresses understanding of the English language? Certainly it would appear so with the Republican Party again trying to use the legal system and court challenges when it comes to poking a hole to deflate the Affordable Care Act (AKA – Obamacare)? See p. 4 in Nov. 21 copy of “The Week”.  It’s a  four word challenge being put forth in one more attempt to chop up a program that 60% of us Republicans and 70% of us Democrats approve of and which seems to be getting better by the minute. Do we really have to stoop to the “Duh” level of our English language, so the world knows how poorly we understand the intent and meaning of a law we passed several years ago through due process in our country?

I believe the four words being challenged by Republicans are: “established by the state..”  in the section of the law that refers to the eligibility for tax credits, doled out through a health care exchanges.

If we ask our English Teacher they might inform us that it appears that we must presume that the challenge is being made based on the definition of the word “state” within this four word sentence bite since we already know that the law itself was established by congress so the word “established” shouldn’t be a problem.

Let’s look in our Dictionary to see how the word “state” is defined!

Great Idea, but make sure you don’t waste a lot of time on the sub-headings of “state” that refer to such things as: “condition of the mind”, or “a phase or stage”, or station in life”…. No, stick to things that might apply to the Congress of the United States of America, not their state of mind as they wrote the law.

Ok, Well, Congress,  isn’t that the “body politic” which according to Chamber’s Dictionary (1961) is one of the meanings of “state” :hence the legislature. So what’s the challenge? Obviously the law was established by The State. Or are we using another definition of the word “state”? Let’s look at some other possible uses of the word “state”.

Perhaps we are meaning per the same source “a republic”? Duh, I thought our Civic teachers taught us that the US was “a federal republic” back in High School. No? Shame on you!

Perhaps we are using the meaning “the legislature”? or the “civic power”? Gee these all appear to be referring to something that could be considered our Congress. No? So then what are we trying to get at here?

Aha! Looks like we want the court to define our word” state” very narrowly as in:  “one of the constituent members of a federation”  as in “the State of Texas, State of Oregon, …” etc.

Well, that could be, unless you bother to read the rest of the law which the State (read “the U.S. Legislature” [Congress]) already passed and which has already been ruled upon by our U. S. Supreme Court as being constitutional. Then you understand automatically that the word state here applies to the whole country, eg. the  U.S. A.. and you don’t need to go back and forth bandying words when any High School Senior can tell you what the meaning of the word “state” is when it’s in context..!

Get a life Congress, and move on to solving another problem in our country to make it better rather than tearing up something that over half our country thinks was a great solution to health care for a lot of people.

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